A captured architect designs an ingenious plan to ensure the impregnability of the tomb of a self-absorbed Pharaoh, obsessed with the security of his next life.
A captured architect designs an ingenious plan to ensure the impregnability of the tomb of a self-absorbed Pharaoh, obsessed with the security of his next life.
The story of seven scholars in search of an expert to teach them about swing music. They seem to have found the perfect candidate in winsome nightclub singer Honey Swanson. […]
Roger Willoughby is a renowned fishing expert, who, unbeknownst to his friends, co-workers, or boss, has never cast a line in his life. One day, he crosses paths with Abigail […]
After the Civil War, a former Union colonel searches for the two traitors whose perfidy led to the loss of a close friend.
A female wildlife photographer arrives on an East African reservation where a group of men trap wild animals for zoos and circuses.
Research chemist Barnaby Fulton works on a fountain of youth pill for a chemical company. One of the labs chimps gets loose in the laboratory and mixes chemicals, but then […]
Cole Thornton, a gunfighter for hire, joins forces with an old friend, Sheriff J.P. Harrah. Together with a fighter and a gambler, they help a rancher and his family fight […]
Scientists and US Air Force officials fend off a blood-thirsty alien organism while investigating at a remote arctic outpost.
Alvin York a hillbilly sharpshooter transforms himself from ruffian to religious pacifist. He is then called to serve his country and despite deep religious and moral objections to fighting becomes […]
Lorelei Lee is a beautiful showgirl engaged to be married to the wealthy Gus Esmond, much to the disapproval of Gus’ rich father, Esmond Sr., who thinks that Lorelei is […]
Howard Hawks: The Quintessential Hollywood Craftsman
Howard Hawks (May 30, 1896 – December 26, 1977) was one of the most versatile and influential directors of Hollywood’s Golden Age. Known for his mastery across genres, Hawks created some of the most enduring films in cinema history, including screwball comedies, Westerns, film noir, musicals, and action-adventure epics. His work is characterized by sharp dialogue, strong characters, and a seemingly effortless ability to tell compelling stories, regardless of the genre.
Dubbed by critic Leonard Maltin as “the greatest American director who is not a household name,” Hawks’ understated style and focus on character dynamics have cemented his place as a master craftsman of classic Hollywood cinema.
Early Life and Career Beginnings
Howard Winchester Hawks was born in Goshen, Indiana, but grew up in Pasadena, California. He studied mechanical engineering at Cornell University, which later informed his fascination with the mechanics of action and machinery, often showcased in his films.
Hawks entered the film industry in the early 1920s, initially working as a prop man, screenwriter, and editor. He transitioned to directing with the silent film The Road to Glory (1926). His early experience in various aspects of filmmaking contributed to his meticulous and efficient directing style.
A Master of Genre Versatility
Howard Hawks’ ability to excel in multiple genres is unmatched in Hollywood history. He approached each story with a focus on character relationships, sharp dialogue, and an emphasis on teamwork, courage, and professionalism.
Screwball Comedy
Hawks is widely credited with defining the screwball comedy genre with films like:
“Bringing Up Baby” (1938): Starring Katharine Hepburn and Cary Grant, this madcap romantic comedy features zany misunderstandings, rapid-fire dialogue, and a pet leopard. Though underappreciated at its release, it has since become a classic.
“His Girl Friday” (1940): A groundbreaking reimagining of the stage play The Front Page, this film features Rosalind Russell and Cary Grant in a battle of wits. With overlapping dialogue and frenetic pacing, it remains a hallmark of sharp-tongued comedy.
Westerns
Hawks’ Westerns emphasize camaraderie and codes of honor:
“Red River” (1948): A sprawling tale of a cattle drive starring John Wayne and Montgomery Clift, Red River explores themes of mentorship, rivalry, and loyalty. It’s considered one of the finest Westerns ever made.
“Rio Bravo” (1959): A genre-defining classic starring John Wayne, Dean Martin, and Angie Dickinson, this film focuses on a sheriff and his ragtag team defending a town. Hawks’ blend of action, humor, and character depth influenced generations of filmmakers, including Quentin Tarantino and John Carpenter.
Action and Adventure
Hawks had a gift for creating thrilling action sequences grounded in strong character dynamics:
“Only Angels Have Wings” (1939): A story about mail pilots risking their lives in the Andes, this film combines romance, suspense, and camaraderie. It showcases Hawks’ fascination with professionalism and bravery under pressure.
“To Have and Have Not” (1944): Loosely based on Ernest Hemingway’s novel, this romantic adventure stars Humphrey Bogart and Lauren Bacall in their first onscreen pairing. The film’s witty dialogue and sizzling chemistry are legendary.
Film Noir
Hawks’ foray into noir includes:
“The Big Sleep” (1946): This adaptation of Raymond Chandler’s novel, starring Humphrey Bogart as detective Philip Marlowe and Lauren Bacall as his love interest, is celebrated for its labyrinthine plot, crackling dialogue, and moody atmosphere.
Hallmarks of Hawks’ Style
Strong, Independent Women: Hawks’ female characters, often referred to as “Hawksian women,” are confident, intelligent, and capable of holding their own against male protagonists. Rosalind Russell in His Girl Friday and Lauren Bacall in To Have and Have Not are prime examples.
Group Dynamics: Hawks excelled at depicting camaraderie and teamwork, whether it was a group of pilots, cowboys, or lawmen. His films celebrate professional competence and mutual respect among peers.
Naturalistic Dialogue: Hawks pioneered the use of overlapping dialogue, creating a more realistic and engaging rhythm of conversation.
Understated Direction: Hawks avoided flashy techniques, preferring to let the story and characters take center stage. His unassuming style often belied the depth and complexity of his storytelling.
Key Collaborations
Hawks worked with some of Hollywood’s biggest stars, often bringing out their best performances.
John Wayne: Collaborated on several Westerns, with Wayne delivering one of his most nuanced performances in Red River.
Cary Grant: Starred in comedies like Bringing Up Baby and His Girl Friday, showcasing his impeccable comedic timing.
Humphrey Bogart and Lauren Bacall: Their chemistry in To Have and Have Not and The Big Sleep helped define Hollywood romance.
Influence and Legacy
Howard Hawks’ films have influenced countless filmmakers, including Steven Spielberg, Quentin Tarantino, and the Coen Brothers. His ability to craft entertaining yet emotionally resonant stories has made his work timeless.
Critic Andrew Sarris famously included Hawks in his list of auteurs, praising his recurring themes of professionalism, loyalty, and personal ethics. Despite working within the studio system, Hawks maintained creative control over his projects, ensuring that his voice and vision came through in every frame.
Awards and Recognition
Though Hawks received relatively little recognition during his career, he was awarded an honorary Oscar in 1975 “for his distinguished body of work as a versatile and creative motion picture director.” His films, however, continue to be celebrated as masterpieces of American cinema.
Conclusion
Howard Hawks stands as a towering figure in Hollywood history, a director whose work embodies the best of classic cinema. Whether making audiences laugh, thrill, or reflect, Hawks crafted films that are as entertaining as they are enduring. His gift for storytelling and his keen understanding of human relationships ensure that his legacy remains as vibrant today as it was during Hollywood’s Golden Age.