A group of Serbian socialists prepares for the war in a surreal underground filled by parties, tragedies, love and hate.
Directed by Emir Kusturica, Underground is a satirical black comedy that spans several decades, offering a complex narrative about war, deception, and the creation of a new national identity in Yugoslavia. Set against the backdrop of World War II and the subsequent Cold War era, the film follows the lives of two childhood friends, Marko and Blacky, who are involved in the communist resistance during the war.
The story begins in the 1940s, where Blacky and Marko, along with others, form an underground movement. They engage in guerilla warfare and subversive actions against the German occupiers. However, as the war progresses, Marko manipulates events, ensuring that Blacky remains locked away in a cellar, under the belief that the war continues long after it has ended. As the years pass, Marko rises to prominence in post-war Yugoslavia as a government official, while Blacky, along with other characters, believes he is still living in wartime conditions. The narrative alternates between past and present, blending history with the surreal, and culminates in a reflection on the tragic consequences of this long deception.
Analysis of the Movie
Underground blends surrealism, dark humor, and historical events to tell a tragicomic tale. The film uses the absurdities of war and political propaganda to illustrate the creation and maintenance of national myths. Kusturica’s direction incorporates whimsical and chaotic elements that mirror the confusion and distortion of historical truth during periods of war and political upheaval.
The film’s nonlinear narrative structure and its mixture of the fantastical with the historical illustrate the psychological and social impact of prolonged conflict and ideological manipulation. The story explores how people live under the delusion of their circumstances, manipulated by both government authorities and personal ambition.
Themes in Underground
- Deception and Manipulation: A core theme of Underground is the manipulation of truth. Marko’s control over Blacky and his comrades symbolizes how governments often control and distort reality to maintain power. The underground cellar serves as a metaphor for the truth hidden from the public, while the characters are kept in a state of ignorance, much like the broader society during wartime.
- War and its Consequences: The film underscores the endless cycles of war and violence, not just through the narrative of World War II, but also through its reflection in the later Yugoslav Wars. Kusturica portrays how the aftermath of war doesn’t end with victory or defeat; instead, it continues to shape individuals and societies for decades.
- Identity and Nationalism: The film examines the construction of identity, both personal and national, and how myths surrounding war and heroism can shape entire generations. Marko, by controlling the narrative of Blacky’s life, becomes an emblem of the creation of new identities after war, manipulating the public perception to maintain power.
- Absurdity of History: The blending of real historical events with the absurd illustrates the folly of relying solely on official narratives. The characters’ confusion and their seemingly arbitrary actions point to the irrationality and chaos that often govern real-world conflicts.
- Corruption of Ideals: Underground critiques how revolutionary ideals can be corrupted. What begins as a resistance movement to fight for justice and freedom becomes a vehicle for personal gain, as Marko climbs to power in the communist government, betraying the original purpose of the struggle.
Impact of the Movie
Underground was a bold and controversial film, winning the Palme d’Or at Cannes in 1995. It resonated deeply with viewers in the post-Yugoslav context, where the recent conflicts and the dissolution of the former state were still fresh wounds. The film’s portrayal of the absurdity of historical revisionism, coupled with its surrealist style, made it an essential commentary on the tragedies that arose from political deceit.
The movie’s impact also lies in its ability to mix genres—comedy, tragedy, history, and fantasy—breaking conventional boundaries and offering an immersive cinematic experience that critiques both the past and present. It is a sharp critique of war, nationalism, and the legacy of the communist era.
10 Reasons to Watch Underground
- Unique Narrative Style: The film’s use of absurdity, surrealism, and dark humor makes it a truly unique cinematic experience. Its nonlinear structure challenges the viewer to think critically about the events unfolding.
- Historical Relevance: For anyone interested in the history of the Balkans, particularly the Yugoslav Wars and the communist era, Underground offers a deeply nuanced take on these events.
- Powerful Themes: The themes of war, deception, and identity are explored in a way that is both thought-provoking and engaging, making this film a profound meditation on history and politics.
- Cinematic Mastery: Kusturica’s direction, combined with his use of imagery and symbolism, offers a visual feast that is both poetic and politically charged.
- Incredible Performances: The cast, led by Miki Manojlović and Lazar Ristovski, deliver compelling performances that add depth to the complex characters.
- Cultural Critique: The film critiques the role of government and media in shaping public perception and controlling narratives, making it relevant to modern-day discussions about power and truth.
- Emotional Range: From humor to deep tragedy, the film’s emotional range keeps viewers engaged and reflective.
- Surreal Visuals: The fantastical sequences, often blending the real with the imaginary, create a dreamlike atmosphere that enhances the film’s exploration of historical absurdities.
- Political Insight: The film offers a potent critique of both Western and Eastern ideologies, providing viewers with an alternative perspective on Cold War politics.
- International Acclaim: Winning prestigious awards like the Palme d’Or at Cannes, Underground is recognized globally for its bold storytelling and cinematic achievement.
How You Will Feel After Watching Underground
After watching Underground, you might feel a mix of bewilderment and contemplation. The film’s chaotic structure and the absurdity of its narrative might leave you questioning the nature of history and the ways in which it is shaped by those in power. The surreal visuals and the emotional rollercoaster could evoke both laughter and sadness, as you reflect on the characters’ fates and the broader implications of the story. Ultimately, the film leaves a lasting impression about the cyclical nature of violence, the manipulation of truth, and the complexities of national identity.
Underground is a challenging film that demands engagement and thoughtfulness, providing an experience that will resonate long after the credits roll.
